Simple Past Tense
Simple Past Tense ( Sub + V2.......), is used to talk about what happened and finished at a specific time in the past. Time expressions are recommended to use to express specific time in the past. Verb used in this tense must be in simple past form. For a regular verb, we simple add -d, -ed, -ied to the base verb but for the irregular verb, we have to remember like go > went.
Simple Past Tense ប្រើដើម្បីនិយាយអំពីអ្វីដែលបានកើតឡើង និងចប់ទៅវិញក្នុងពេលវេលាជាក់លាក់ ក្នុងអតីតកាល។
Table of Content
- Use
- Past Expressions
- Forms and examples
- Spelling Rules
- Irregular Verbs
- -ed Pronunciation
- Exercises
Use of Simple Past Tense
Simple past tense is used to talk about an action that happened and finished at a specific time in the past. To show specific time in the past, the following past expressions are frequently used.
Past Expressions
- in 2000 កាលពីឆ្នាំ ២០០០
- yesterday កាលពីម្សិលមិញ
- When I was 5 years old កាលពីខ្ញុំមានអាយុ៥ឆ្នាំ
- Last : last week, last year, last summer ( សប្តាហ៍មុន, ឆ្នាំមុន, រដូវក្តៅមុន)
- Ago : 2 hours ago, 10 years ago, a long time ago. (២ម៉ោងកន្លងទៅ, ១០ឆ្នាំកន្លងទៅ, )
Forms and Examples
The affirmative form of the simple past tense start with the subject following by a verb in the past form and the past expression. ប្រយោគស្របចាប់ផ្តើមដោយ ប្រធាន បូកជាមួយនិងកិរិយាស័ព្ទខ្ទង់ទី២ និងឃ្លាបញ្ជាក់ពីអតីតកាល។
She visited Angkor Wat Temple last year. នាងបានទៅទស្សនាប្រសាទអង្គវត្តកាលពីឆ្នាំមុន។
Subject : she
Verb : visited ( past form of visit)
Last year : past time expression
Positive: Sub + V-ed + ……….
- I went to bed at 9 last night.
- She stayed at home yesterday.
- He studied with me 10 years ago.
- They lived in the countryside in 2000.
- Tom just left one minute ago.
Negative: Sub + didn’t + base verb + ……
Example : I didn't live in Phnom Penh in 2000. ខ្ញុំមិនបានរស់នៅទីក្រុងភ្នំពេញទេកាលពីឆ្នាំ២០០០។
- She didn’t call me yesterday.
- Roza didn't come to class last week.
- They didn't do homework last night.
- We didn't do anything 10 minutes ago.
- My mom didn't cook breakfast this morning.
Yes/No: Did + sub + base verb…………?
- Did you watch TV last night?
- Did they come to class yesterday?
- Did your mom water the plant this morning?
- Did dinosaurs exist millions of years ago?
- Did Roza live in the countryside in 2000?
Short answers
- Yes, sub + did.
- No, sub + didn’t.
Information Question : Wh-word + did + sub + base verb…………?
- What time did you do homework last night?
- Where did you study when you were young?
- Who did you live with in 2000?
- Why did she cry yesterday?
- Which car did you drive in 2005?
Spelling Rules
All verbs used in simple past must be in the past form. For regular
verbs, there are three important rules to follow when changing the verbs from
present to past tense. Let’s see as below.
Rule 1: Add –d to the verbs that end in –e. ថែម -d ពេលដែលកិរិយាស័ព្ទបញ្ចប់ដោយ -e
- Love > loved
- Like > liked,
- Receive > received
- Hope > hoped
Rule 2: When a verb ends in consonant + y, change y to –ied. ពេលកិរិយាស័ព្ទបញ្ចប់ដោយ ព្យញ្ជានៈ និង y យើងប្តូរ y ទៅជា -ied។
- Study > studied
- Cry > cried
- Fry > fried
- Carry > carried
- Marry > married
Rule 3: Add –ed to the verbs that don’t follow rule 1 and 2. បើកិរិយាស័ព្ទ មិនគោរពតាម ច្បាប់ទី១ និង ទី២ទេ យើងគ្រាន់តែថែម -ed ទៅជាការស្រេច។
- Start > started
- End > ended
- Stay > stayed
- Stop > stopped
Irregular verbs
Some verbs are irregular, so there are no rules at all. We have to learn
to memorize them gradually. Here are some of the frequently used irregular
verbs.
- Go _ went
- Buy _ bought
- Catch-caught
- Teach – taught
- Grow – grew
- See – saw
- Write – wrote
- Ride – rode
- Fight – fought
- Feel – felt
- Lose – lost
- Bring – brought
- Find – found
- Know – knew
- Give – gave
- Draw – drew
- Fly – flew
- Swim – swam
- Make – made
- Take – took
- Choose – chose
- Steal – stole
- Begin – began
- Fall – fell
- Throw – threw
- Cut – cut
- Read – read
- Drink – drank
- Run – ran
Pronunciations of -ed
/id/ : when the verbs end in -t or -d សំឡេង (អីត)
- end - ended (អេនឌីត)
- start - started (ស្តាតធីត)
- offend - offended ( អប់ហ្វេនឌីត)
- need - needed ( ណីតឌីត)
/t/ : when the verbs end in: សំឡេង ( ធឹ)
- p : stop - stopped
- k : kick - kicked
- sh : finish - finished
- ch : watch - watched
- gh : laugh - laughed
- ss : kiss - kissed
- x: fix - fixed
/d/ : when the verbs end in: សំឡេង (ដឹ)
- l : travel - travelled
- n : ban - banned
- r : offer - offered
- g : belong - belonged
- v : believe - believed
- s : use - used
- w : borrow - borrowed
- y : stay - stayed
- z : amaze - amazed
Now, let me tell you what I did yesterday.
I got up at 6 a.m they I went to the bathroom. I brushed my teeth, washed my face and took a shower. I put on my school uniform and ate the breakfast my mom prepared for me. I said good bye to my mom and walked to school because it is not really far from my house.
I arrived school at 6 : 40 a.m. My teacher started the lesson at seven. I had a few breaks. At breaks, I played with my classmates happily in the playground. I left school at eleven o'clock and walked home.
Practice 1
1. She _________ (walk) to the park yesterday.
2.They _________( not/ play) football last weekend.
3. He _________(study) for the exam all night.
4. I _________(visit) my grandparents last summer.
5._________ ( you/ watch) a movie last week?
6. _________ (you/ clean) your room yesterday?
7. She _________ (stay) at home on Sunday last week.
8.They _________ (go) on vacation to other countries last year.
9. He _________ (meet) his old friend at a the party last night.
10. He _________(fix) the broken chair.
Practice 2
1. danced /gracefully / She/ at the party last night.
2. He/ diligently/ for his final exams/ studied.
3. traveled / to Paris during/ They / their summer vacation.
4. cooked/ a delicious meal for my family/ I.
5. an exciting movie/ We watched/at the cinema.
6. chased the mouse/ The cat/ around the garden.
7. a beautiful sunset/ She/ on her canvas/painted.
8. bicycle tire/the broken/He fixed.
9. played / soccer in the park/ They
10. my grandparents/ over the weekend/ I visited.
Simple Past Tense Quiz
Choose the correct answer for each question.
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